One

China's economy has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development, and is in a critical period of transforming the mode of development, optimizing the economic structure, and transforming the growth momentum. We must adhere to the principle of quality first and efficiency first, take the supply-side structural reform as the main line, promote the reform of economic development quality, efficiency and power, improve total factor productivity, and strive to accelerate the construction of an industrial system with the coordinated development of the real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources, and strive to build an economic system with effective market mechanisms, vitality of micro subjects and moderate macro regulation and control, and continuously enhance the innovation and competitiveness of China's economy.

(Report at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 18, 2017)

From December 18 to 20, 2017, the Central Economic Work Conference was held in Beijing. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, delivered an important speech. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi

Two

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and China's economic development has also entered a new era. The characteristics of China's economic development in the new era are what I emphasized in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and China's economy has shifted from a stage of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. This is a major judgment, and we must profoundly understand its great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance.

First, this is an inevitable requirement for maintaining sustained and healthy economic development. China is in the critical stage of transforming the development mode, with rising labor costs, increasing resource and environmental constraints, and the unsustainable extensive development mode, and the problem of poor economic circulation is very prominent. At the same time, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation in the world is in the ascendant, and many breakthroughs have been made. We must promote high-quality development to adapt to new changes in science and technology and the new needs of the people, form a high-quality, efficient and diversified supply system, and provide more high-quality products and services. Only in this way can supply and demand be balanced at a new level, and can China's economy develop sustained and healthy in a sustained and healthy manner.

Second, this is an inevitable requirement for adapting to the changes in the main contradictions in China's society, building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. Major changes have taken place in the principal contradictions in China's society, and historical changes are also taking place in the stage of China's economic development. To solve the main contradictions in our society, we must promote high-quality development. We should attach importance to the development of quantity, but we should pay more attention to solving the problem of quality, and achieve effective growth in quantity in the substantial improvement of quality.

Third, this is an inevitable requirement for development in accordance with economic laws. Since the 60s, only a dozen of the world's more than 100 middle-income economies have managed to enter high-income economies. Those countries that have succeeded have achieved a shift from quantitative expansion to qualitative improvement after a period of rapid growth. Countries that have stagnated or even regressed have not achieved this fundamental transformation. Economic development is a spiraling process, the rise is not linear, the quantity accumulates to a certain stage, it must turn to qualitative improvement, China's economic development must also follow this law.

(Speech at the Central Economic Work Conference on December 18, 2017)

From October 10 to 13, 2023, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Jiangxi. This is the morning of the 11th, Xi Jinping inspected Changhe Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. in Jingdezhen City. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yan Yan/

Three

High-quality development is a development that can well meet the people's growing needs for a better life, a development that embodies the new development concept, a development in which innovation becomes the primary driving force, coordination becomes an endogenous feature, green becomes a universal form, openness becomes the only way, and sharing becomes the fundamental purpose. From the perspective of supply, high-quality development should achieve a relatively complete industrial system, networked and intelligent production organization, innovation, demand capture, brand influence, core competitiveness, and high quality of products and services. From the perspective of demand, high-quality development should continue to meet the personalized, diversified and escalating needs of the people, which in turn leads to changes in the supply system and structure, and supply changes continue to give rise to new demand. From the perspective of input and output, high-quality development should continuously improve labor efficiency, capital efficiency, land efficiency, resource efficiency, and environmental efficiency, continuously increase the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress, and continuously improve total factor productivity. From the perspective of distribution, high-quality development should achieve a return on investment, profits for enterprises, income for employees, and tax revenue for the government, and fully reflect their respective contributions according to market evaluation. From the perspective of macroeconomic circulation, high-quality development should achieve smooth circulation of production, circulation, distribution and consumption, the relationship between major proportions of the national economy and the spatial layout are relatively reasonable, and the economic development should be relatively stable, without major ups and downs. To be more specific, high-quality development is to shift from "whether it is available" to "whether it is good or not".

(Speech at the Central Economic Work Conference on December 18, 2017)

Four

Promoting high-quality development is the fundamental requirement for us to determine development ideas, formulate economic policies, and implement macroeconomic regulation and control at present and in the future, and we must accelerate the formation of an index system, policy system, standard system, statistical system, performance evaluation, and performance appraisal to promote high-quality development, create and improve the institutional environment, and promote China's economy to make new progress in achieving high-quality development.

(Speech at the Central Economic Work Conference on December 18, 2017)

Five

Practice has proved that China's economic development in the past 40 years has been achieved under the conditions of openness, and the high-quality development of China's economy in the future must also be carried out under more open conditions. This is a strategic choice made by China based on its development needs, and it is also promoting economic globalization with concrete actions for the benefit of people around the world.

(Keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2018 on April 10, 2018)

Six

China has entered a stage of high-quality development, and the main contradiction in society has been transformed into a contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development, with a per capita GDP of 10,000 US dollars, an urbanization rate of more than 60%, and a middle-income group of more than 400 million people, and the people's demand for a better life is constantly improving. China's institutional advantages are remarkable, governance efficiency has been improved, the economy has been improving for a long time, the material foundation is strong, the human resources are abundant, the market space is broad, the development resilience is strong, the overall social situation is stable, and there are many advantages and conditions for continued development. At the same time, the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development in China is still prominent, the innovation ability does not meet the requirements of high-quality development, the agricultural foundation is not stable, the gap between urban and rural development and income distribution is large, the ecological and environmental protection has a long way to go, there are shortcomings in people's livelihood security, and there are still weaknesses in social governance.

In short, entering a new stage of development, profound changes in the domestic and foreign environment have brought not only a series of new opportunities, but also a series of new challenges. We must dialectically understand and grasp the general trend at home and abroad, coordinate the overall situation of the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation and the great changes in the world unseen in a century, deeply understand the new characteristics and new requirements brought about by the development and change of the main contradictions in our society, and deeply understand the new contradictions and new challenges brought about by the complex international environment, enhance the awareness of opportunities and risks, accurately recognize changes, respond scientifically, take the initiative to change, have the courage to open the ship, be good at turning crises into opportunities, and strive to achieve higher quality, More efficient, fairer, more sustainable and safer development.

(Speech at the Symposium of Experts in the Economic and Social Fields on August 24, 2020)

Seven

China's development has stood at a new historical starting point, and it is necessary to adhere to the problem-oriented approach according to the new requirements of the new development stage, implement the new development concept more accurately, effectively solve the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development, and promote high-quality development. For example, self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology have become the basic ability that determines China's survival and development, and there are many "stuck neck" problems. For example, there is a large gap between urban and rural development in China, and how to solve this problem, there are many new problems that need to be studied in depth, especially the differentiation and reorganization of regional plates, the acceleration of cross-regional population transfer, and the decline of farmers' willingness to settle in cities. For example, there has been a high degree of consensus on accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, but China's energy system is highly dependent on fossil energy such as coal, and the pressure on the production and living system to transition to green and low-carbon is very great, and the goal of achieving carbon emission peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060 is extremely arduous. For example, with the emergence of adverse currents in economic globalization and the increasingly complex and changeable external environment, everyone realized that it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between self-reliance and self-improvement and open cooperation, the relationship between actively participating in the international division of labor and ensuring national security, the relationship between the use of foreign capital and security examination, and the expansion of opening up to the outside world on the premise of ensuring security. In short, entering a new stage of development, the understanding of the new development concept should be deepened, and the measures should be more precise and pragmatic, so as to truly achieve high-quality development.

(On January 11, 2021, at the seminar on the study and implementation of the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the main leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial level delivered a speech)

From November 28 to December 2, 2023, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Shanghai. On the afternoon of November 28, Xi Jinping visited the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Achievement Exhibition in Zhangjiang Science City, Pudong New Area. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi

Eight

High-quality development is the theme of China's economic and social development in the 14th Five-Year Plan and beyond, and it is related to the overall situation of China's socialist modernization. High-quality development is not just an economic requirement, but a general requirement for all aspects of economic and social development; It is not only a requirement for economically developed regions, but a requirement that must be implemented for the development of all regions; It is not a one-time demand, but a demand that must be adhered to for a long time. All regions should take into account the actual situation, adapt measures to local conditions, make up for their weaknesses, and embark on a path of high-quality development that is suitable for the actual situation of their own regions. We must always keep the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people in mind, unswervingly improve people's livelihood and well-being, closely combine high-quality development with meeting the people's needs for a better life, and promote the organic combination and complementarity of adhering to ecological priority, promoting high-quality development, and creating a high-quality life.

(Speech at the deliberation of the Qinghai delegation to the Fourth Session of the 13th National People's Congress on March 7, 2021)

Nine

High-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. Development is the party's most important task in governing and rejuvenating the country. Without a solid material and technological foundation, it is impossible to build China into a great modern socialist country in an all-round way. We must completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, adhere to the direction of socialist market economy reform, adhere to high-level opening up, and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the main body and the domestic and international cycles reinforcing each other.

We should adhere to the theme of promoting high-quality development, organically combine the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with the deepening of supply-side structural reforms, enhance the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic cycle, improve the quality and level of international circulation, accelerate the construction of a modern economic system, focus on improving total factor productivity, focus on improving the resilience and security of industrial and supply chains, focus on promoting urban-rural integration and regional coordinated development, and promote the effective improvement of the quality and reasonable growth of the economy.

(Report at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 16, 2022)

Ten

Achieving high-quality development is also inseparable from agricultural development. Only when agriculture is strong, the supply of agricultural products is guaranteed, prices are stable, and people's minds are stable, can the overall economic situation be stabilized. To expand the space for modern development, agriculture and rural areas are a vast world with great promise. Hundreds of millions of peasants as a whole will unleash tremendous creative momentum and consumption potential, and inject strong impetus into economic and social development. Smoothing the urban-rural cycle of industry and agriculture is an important aspect of smoothing the domestic economic cycle and enhancing China's economic resilience and strategic depth. To expand domestic demand, stabilize growth, and promote development, the construction of an agricultural power is an important force and breakthrough point.

(Speech at the Central Rural Work Conference on December 23, 2022)

Eleven

While promoting high-quality development and making the "cake" bigger, we should further divide the "cake", strive to solve people's livelihood issues such as employment, distribution, education, medical care, housing, elderly care, and child care, build a coordinated system of three distributions, standardize the order of income distribution, standardize the wealth accumulation mechanism, guide and regulate the healthy development of capital in accordance with the law, gradually expand the middle-income group, narrow the income distribution gap, and let the fruits of modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly. Resolutely prevent polarization.

(Speech at the seminar on February 7, 2023 for new members and alternate members of the Central Committee and principal leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels to study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China)

From December 14 to 15, 2023, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Guangxi. On the morning of the 14th, Xi Jinping inspected the China-ASEAN Information Port Co., Ltd. in Nanning City, and listened to the report on the construction of the backbone project of the new western land-sea corridor in combination with the sand table of the Pinglu Canal. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi

twelve

High-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. We must completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, and always grasp, measure and promote development with the internal unity of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing; We must better coordinate the effective improvement of quality and the reasonable growth of quantity, always adhere to quality first, benefit first, vigorously enhance quality awareness, regard quality as life, and pursue high quality; We must unswervingly deepen reform and opening up, deeply transform the mode of development, promote quality reform with efficiency and power reform, and accelerate the formation of a sustainable high-quality development system and mechanism; We must take meeting the people's growing needs for a better life as the starting point and the end goal, continuously transform the fruits of development into the quality of life, and constantly enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness and security.

(Speech at the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation to the first session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 5, 2023)

A baker's dozen

Accelerating the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement is the only way to promote high-quality development. In the fierce international competition, we must open up new fields and new tracks for development, shape new momentum and new advantages for development, fundamentally speaking, we still have to rely on scientific and technological innovation. Whether or not we can build a great modern socialist country in an all-round way as scheduled depends on self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology.

(Speech at the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation to the first session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 5, 2023)

From March 18 to 21, 2024, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Hunan. On the afternoon of the 18th, Xi Jinping inspected BASF Shanshan Battery Materials Co., Ltd., a Sino-German joint venture. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi

fourteen

Accelerating the construction of a new development pattern is the strategic basis for promoting high-quality development. It is necessary to organically combine the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with the deepening of supply-side structural reform, and speed up the construction of a modern industrial system. It is necessary to adhere to the focus of economic development on the real economy, further promote new industrialization, strengthen the reengineering of the industrial base and major technical equipment research, promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of the manufacturing industry, accelerate the construction of a strong manufacturing province, vigorously develop strategic emerging industries, and accelerate the development of the digital economy. In accordance with the requirements of building a high-level socialist market economic system and promoting high-level opening up, we should further promote reforms in key areas, promote the construction of a modern infrastructure system and a high-standard market system in a coordinated manner, and steadily expand institutional opening-up.

(Speech at the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation to the first session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 5, 2023)

fifteen

In the new journey of building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation, we must unswervingly promote high-quality development. It is necessary to completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, thoroughly implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, and the strategy of innovation-driven development, strive to enhance the ability of science and technology to be self-reliant and self-reliant, promote industrial transformation and upgrading, promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, promote green and low-carbon economic and social development, promote the effective improvement of the quality of the economy and reasonable growth in quantity, and continuously strengthen China's economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength.

(Speech at the First Session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 13, 2023)

sixteen

To comprehensively study and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we must firmly grasp the central task of the Party in the new era and new journey, firmly grasp the scientific connotation and essential requirements of Chinese-style modernization, firmly grasp the primary task of high-quality development, implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, and promote common prosperity throughout the entire process of economic and social development, and further promote the transformation of development mode, development momentum, development field, and development quality. Create a new situation of high-quality development in China.

(Remarks made during a visit to Sichuan from July 25 to 27, 2023)

seventeen

It is necessary to completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, coordinate development and security, deeply grasp the basic laws of promoting new industrialization in the new era and new journey, actively adapt to and lead a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, run the requirements of high-quality development through the whole process of new industrialization, and organically combine the construction of a manufacturing power with the development of digital economy and industrial informatization, so as to build a strong material and technological foundation for Chinese-style modernization.

(September 2023 Directive on the Promotion of New Industrialization)

eighteen

Leading cadres should firmly establish a concept of political achievements that benefit the people. We communists do our work and make achievements in politics for the benefit of the people, not for personal promotion. The comrades of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee should take the lead in adhering to the people-centered development philosophy, adhere to high-quality development, and oppose greed and blind brutality; Insist on seeking practical results and oppose flashy and untruthful data falsification; Persist in laying a foundation for long-term benefits, and oppose fishing while exhausting the resources and working for the people and money. High-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, and adhering to high-quality development should become an important part of the leading cadres' outlook on political performance. It is necessary to improve the performance evaluation methods for promoting high-quality development, give full play to the role of the baton, and promote the leadership groups at all levels to conscientiously practice the correct outlook on political performance and effectively form a correct work orientation.

(Speech at the Special Democratic Life Meeting on the Theme Education of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on December 21 and 22, 2023)

nineteen

We must keep in mind that high-quality development is the last word in the new era, completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a modern economic system, promote high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, coordinate the promotion of in-depth reform and high-level opening-up, coordinate high-quality development and high-level security and other strategic tasks, improve the assessment and evaluation system for promoting high-quality development, and lay a solid foundation for promoting high-quality development.

(Speech at the 11th Collective Study Session of the Political Bureau of the 20th CPC Central Committee on January 31, 2024)

From May 22 to 24, 2024, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, visited Shandong. On the afternoon of the 22nd, Xi Jinping cordially expressed his condolences to port science and technology workers, operation personnel, and shipping personnel at Rizhao Port. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Huanchi

twenty

The development of new quality productivity is an intrinsic requirement and an important focus for promoting high-quality development. Here, I would like to focus on some understandings.

Since July last year, when I have inspected and investigated Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Guangxi and other places, I proposed to integrate scientific and technological innovation resources, lead the development of strategic emerging industries and future industries, and accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces. In mid-December, at the Central Economic Work Conference, I proposed to promote industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation, especially to use disruptive technologies and cutting-edge technologies to give birth to new industries, new models, new kinetic energy, and develop new quality productive forces. The main consideration for the concept of new quality of productive forces and the major task of developing new quality of productive forces is that the productive forces are the fundamental driving force for the development of human society and are also the ultimate cause of all social and political changes. High-quality development needs to be guided by new productivity theories, and new productivity has been formed in practice and demonstrated a strong driving force and support for high-quality development.

What is new quality productivity and how to develop new quality productivity? I've been thinking about it for a long time, and I've noticed some of the research results of the academic community. Generally speaking, the new quality of productivity is the quality of advanced productivity in which innovation plays a leading role, gets rid of the traditional economic growth mode and productivity development path, has the characteristics of high technology, high efficiency and high quality, and conforms to the new development concept. It is born by the revolutionary breakthrough of technology, the innovative allocation of production factors, and the deep transformation and upgrading of the industry, with the basic connotation of laborers, labor materials, labor objects and their optimal combinations, and the substantial increase in total factor productivity as the core symbol, characterized by innovation, the key is high quality, and the essence is advanced productivity.

The salient feature of the new quality productivity is innovation, which includes innovation at the level of technology and business model, as well as innovation at the level of management and system. We must continue to do a good job in innovation and accelerate the development of new quality productive forces.

(Speech at the 11th Collective Study Session of the Political Bureau of the 20th CPC Central Committee on January 31, 2024)

twenty-one

Firmly grasp the primary task of high-quality development, and accelerate the development of new quality productivity in accordance with local conditions. In the face of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, we must seize the opportunity, increase innovation, cultivate and expand emerging industries, advance the layout and construction of future industries, and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system. Of course, the development of new quality productive forces does not mean ignoring or abandoning traditional industries, it is necessary to prevent a rush to the top and bubbles, and we must not engage in a single model. All localities should persist in proceeding from reality, first establish and then break down, adapt measures to local conditions, and provide guidance by category. It is necessary to selectively promote the development of new industries, new models and new kinetic energy according to local resource endowments, industrial bases, scientific research conditions, etc., transform and upgrade traditional industries with new technologies, and actively promote high-end, intelligent and green industries.

(Speech at the deliberations of the Jiangsu delegation to the Second Session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 5, 2024)

twenty-two

Deepen reform and opening up in an all-round way, and continue to enhance the endogenous driving force and vitality of development. It is necessary to plan major measures to further deepen reform in an all-round way, and continue to inject strong impetus into promoting high-quality development and promoting Chinese-style modernization. It is necessary to focus on building a high-level socialist market economic system, deepen the market-oriented reform of key factors, build a high-standard market system, and accelerate the improvement of the basic systems of the market economy, such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit. It is necessary to continuously improve and implement the "two unswerving" systems and mechanisms, effectively break down the obstacles that restrict private enterprises from participating in market competition fairly, support the development and growth of the private economy and private enterprises, and stimulate the endogenous power and innovation vitality of various business entities. It is necessary to deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, the education system, and the talent system, and strive to break through the blockages that hinder the development of new quality productive forces. It is necessary to intensify institutional opening-up, continue to build a market-oriented, law-based, and international first-class business environment, and create new advantages for a higher-level open economy.

(Speech at the deliberations of the Jiangsu delegation to the Second Session of the 14th National People's Congress on March 5, 2024)

 

※This is an excerpt from General Secretary Xi Jinping's important exposition on creating a new situation of high-quality development in China from October 2017 to March 2024.